# Commodity Origins > Where every commodity comes from, who sells it, what it costs, and why. One page per commodity with production by country, top exporters and importers, monthly benchmark prices since 1960, how the market works, and an FAQ. Every number carries its source, unit and year. ## How to cite Commodity Origins, "", data , https://commodityorigins.com// (CC BY 4.0). Upstream data: FAOSTAT (CC BY 4.0), World Bank Pink Sheet (CC BY 4.0), CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0), USGS (public domain), Energy Institute (attribution), IMF PCPS (attribution), USDA PSD (public domain). Each page lists its exact sources and vintages. ## Update cadence Prices monthly (World Bank Pink Sheet, first week of the month); production annually (FAOSTAT December–February, USGS January, Energy Institute June); trade annually (BACI January). Current status: https://commodityorigins.com/data-status/ and https://commodityorigins.com/data/manifest.json. Last publish: 2026-09-06T16:49:33.168883+00:00. ## Machine-readable - https://commodityorigins.com/data/index.json (every commodity) - https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/{slug}.json (full page data) - https://commodityorigins.com/data/prices/{slug}.json - https://commodityorigins.com/data/countries/{iso3}.json - https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/{slug}.md (Markdown twin of each page) - https://commodityorigins.com/llms-full.txt (every commodity page as Markdown in one file) - Docs: https://commodityorigins.com/developers/ ; method: https://commodityorigins.com/methodology/ ; sources and licenses: https://commodityorigins.com/sources/ ## Commodities - [Coffee](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/coffee/): Seeds of the Coffea plant, traded green (unroasted) and then roasted close to where it is drunk. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/coffee.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/coffee.md - [Cocoa](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/cocoa/): Fermented, dried seeds of the cacao tree, ground into liquor, butter and powder to make chocolate. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/cocoa.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/cocoa.md - [Wheat](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/wheat/): A cereal grass whose grain is milled into flour for bread, pasta and noodles, and fed to livestock. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/wheat.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/wheat.md - [Corn](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/corn/): Maize: a cereal grown mostly for animal feed and ethanol, and as a staple food in Africa and Latin America. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/corn.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/corn.md - [Rice](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/rice/): The staple grain of half the world, grown in flooded paddies and traded milled; production is counted as paddy (unmilled). JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/rice.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/rice.md - [Soybeans](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/soybeans/): An oilseed legume crushed into meal (animal feed) and oil (cooking oil and biodiesel); the world's most traded farm product by value. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/soybeans.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/soybeans.md - [Sugar](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/sugar/): Sucrose crystallized from sugar cane (four-fifths of supply) or sugar beet; traded raw (No. 11) and refined white (No. 5). JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/sugar.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/sugar.md - [Cotton](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/cotton/): The seed fibre of the cotton plant, ginned into lint and spun into yarn; the world's main natural textile fibre. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/cotton.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/cotton.md - [Natural rubber](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/natural-rubber/): Latex tapped from the Hevea tree, coagulated into sheets or block rubber; two-thirds of it goes into tyres. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/natural-rubber.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/natural-rubber.md - [Palm oil](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/palm-oil/): Oil pressed from the fruit flesh of the oil palm; the world's most produced vegetable oil, used in food, soap and biodiesel. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/palm-oil.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/palm-oil.md - [Crude oil](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/crude-oil/): Unrefined petroleum pumped from underground reservoirs and refined into fuels and petrochemical feedstocks. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/crude-oil.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/crude-oil.md - [Natural gas](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/natural-gas/): Mostly methane, produced from gas and oil fields and moved by pipeline or as liquefied natural gas (LNG); priced regionally, not globally. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/natural-gas.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/natural-gas.md - [Copper](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/copper/): A conductive red metal mined as ore, concentrated, smelted and refined into cathode for wiring, motors and pipes. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/copper.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/copper.md - [Iron ore](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/iron-ore/): Rock rich in iron oxides, mined in bulk and shipped to blast furnaces to make steel; the most traded dry-bulk cargo. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/iron-ore.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/iron-ore.md - [Aluminum](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/aluminum/): A light metal smelted from alumina, which is refined from bauxite ore; the chain runs mine (bauxite) to refinery (alumina) to smelter (metal). JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/aluminum.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/aluminum.md - [Gold](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/gold/): A precious metal mined from ore and recycled from jewellery, held as bars and coins by central banks and investors and worn as jewellery. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/gold.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/gold.md - [Coal](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/coal/): Fossilized carbon rock burned for power and heat, and baked into coke for steelmaking. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/coal.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/coal.md - [Tea](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/tea/): Leaves of Camellia sinensis, withered, rolled, oxidized and dried, then sold at auction or by contract. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/tea.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/tea.md - [Coconut oil](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/coconut-oil/): Oil pressed from dried coconut flesh (copra), used in food, soap and oleochemicals. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/coconut-oil.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/coconut-oil.md - [Peanuts](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/peanuts/): A legume grown underground, eaten whole, crushed for oil, or ground into paste and butter. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/peanuts.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/peanuts.md - [Palm kernel oil](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/palm-kernel-oil/): Oil pressed from the seed inside the oil palm fruit; chemically closer to coconut oil than to palm oil. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/palm-kernel-oil.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/palm-kernel-oil.md - [Canola](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/canola/): Seed of the rape plant, bred for low erucic acid (canola), crushed into cooking oil and biodiesel with a protein meal by-product. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/canola.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/canola.md - [Sunflower oil](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/sunflower-oil/): Oil pressed from sunflower seeds, a light cooking oil concentrated in the Black Sea basin. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/sunflower-oil.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/sunflower-oil.md - [Barley](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/barley/): A cereal grown for animal feed and for malting into beer and whisky; the most cold-tolerant of the major grains. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/barley.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/barley.md - [Sorghum](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/sorghum/): A drought-tolerant cereal eaten as a staple across the Sahel and India and fed to livestock elsewhere. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/sorghum.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/sorghum.md - [Bananas](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/bananas/): The world's most traded fresh fruit, grown from clonal plants and shipped green in refrigerated ships. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/bananas.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/bananas.md - [Oranges](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/oranges/): Citrus fruit sold fresh or squeezed into juice concentrate; the juice and fresh markets barely overlap. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/oranges.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/oranges.md - [Beef](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/beef/): Meat from cattle, sold chilled or frozen, as carcasses, primal cuts or boxed trimmings. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/beef.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/beef.md - [Chicken](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/chicken/): Meat from broiler chickens, the world's fastest-growing source of animal protein. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/chicken.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/chicken.md - [Lamb](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/lamb/): Meat from sheep, sold as lamb (under a year old) or mutton, and traded mostly frozen. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/lamb.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/lamb.md - [Shrimp](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/shrimp/): Farmed and wild-caught crustaceans, frozen at source and shipped as headless shell-on or peeled product. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/shrimp.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/shrimp.md - [Fishmeal](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/fishmeal/): Dried, ground fish, mostly small pelagic species such as anchoveta, fed to farmed fish, pigs and poultry. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/fishmeal.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/fishmeal.md - [Tobacco](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/tobacco/): Cured leaf of the tobacco plant, traded green or processed into strip before it is made into cigarettes. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/tobacco.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/tobacco.md - [Logs](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/logs/): Tree stems cut to length for sawing or peeling, measured in cubic metres and traded before any milling. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/logs.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/logs.md - [Sawnwood](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/sawnwood/): Wood sawn lengthwise into boards thicker than six millimetres, the main construction timber. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/sawnwood.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/sawnwood.md - [Plywood](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/plywood/): Panels glued from thin wood veneers with alternating grain, used in construction, furniture and packaging. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/plywood.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/plywood.md - [Phosphate rock](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/phosphate-rock/): Sedimentary rock rich in phosphate minerals, mined and acidulated to make phosphate fertilizer. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/phosphate-rock.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/phosphate-rock.md - [Phosphate fertilizers](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/phosphate-fertilizers/): Processed phosphate nutrients, mainly diammonium phosphate (DAP) and triple superphosphate (TSP), applied to crops. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/phosphate-fertilizers.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/phosphate-fertilizers.md - [Urea](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/urea/): The main nitrogen fertilizer, made by combining ammonia with carbon dioxide; ammonia itself is made from natural gas. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/urea.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/urea.md - [Potash](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/potash/): Potassium salts, mostly potassium chloride, mined from ancient seabed deposits and spread as fertilizer. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/potash.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/potash.md - [Nickel](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/nickel/): A corrosion-resistant metal used mostly in stainless steel and increasingly in battery cathodes. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/nickel.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/nickel.md - [Zinc](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/zinc/): A metal used mainly to galvanize steel against rust, plus die-casting alloys and brass. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/zinc.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/zinc.md - [Lead](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/lead/): A dense, soft metal used overwhelmingly in lead-acid batteries, and the most recycled of the base metals. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/lead.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/lead.md - [Tin](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/tin/): A soft metal used mostly as solder in electronics, plus tinplate and chemicals; the smallest of the major base metals. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/tin.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/tin.md - [Silver](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/silver/): A precious metal that is also an industrial one: most mined silver is a by-product of lead, zinc, copper and gold mines. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/silver.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/silver.md - [Platinum](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/platinum/): A precious metal used in autocatalysts, jewellery and industry, mined almost entirely from two geological complexes. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/platinum.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/platinum.md - [Lithium](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/lithium/): A light metal extracted from hard-rock spodumene or salt-lake brine and refined into carbonate, hydroxide or metal for battery cathodes. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/lithium.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/lithium.md - [Cobalt](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/cobalt/): A metal recovered mostly as a by-product of copper and nickel mining, used in battery cathodes and superalloys. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/cobalt.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/cobalt.md - [Rare earths](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/rare-earths/): A group of seventeen chemically similar metals, mined together and separated at great cost, used in magnets, catalysts and phosphors. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/rare-earths.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/rare-earths.md - [Graphite](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/graphite/): A crystalline form of carbon, mined as flake or amorphous ore and processed into battery anodes, refractories and lubricants. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/graphite.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/graphite.md - [Manganese](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/manganese/): A metal used almost entirely in steelmaking, where it removes oxygen and sulfur and adds strength; also a battery cathode ingredient. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/manganese.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/manganese.md - [Chromium](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/chromium/): The metal that makes stainless steel stainless, mined as chromite ore and smelted into ferrochrome. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/chromium.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/chromium.md - [Bauxite](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/bauxite/): The ore of aluminum: a tropical weathering product refined into alumina, which is then smelted into metal. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/bauxite.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/bauxite.md - [Steel](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/steel/): Iron alloyed with a little carbon, made in blast furnaces from iron ore or in electric arc furnaces from scrap; the most used metal on earth. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/steel.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/steel.md - [Uranium](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/uranium/): A heavy metal mined as ore, concentrated into yellowcake, then converted and enriched into fuel for nuclear reactors. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/uranium.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/uranium.md - [Palladium](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/palladium/): A precious metal used mainly in petrol-engine autocatalysts, mined with platinum and nickel. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/palladium.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/palladium.md - [Molybdenum](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/molybdenum/): A refractory metal recovered mostly as a by-product of copper mining, added to steel for strength and corrosion resistance. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/molybdenum.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/molybdenum.md - [Oats](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/oats/): A cool-climate cereal eaten as flakes and porridge and fed to horses and livestock. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/oats.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/oats.md - [Milk](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/milk/): Raw cow's milk, most of it drunk or processed close to where it is produced; only powders, butter and cheese travel far. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/milk.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/milk.md - [Wool](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/wool/): Fleece shorn from sheep, sold greasy by micron thickness and scoured before spinning. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/wool.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/wool.md - [Orange juice](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/orange-juice/): Juice squeezed from oranges and shipped frozen as concentrate or chilled as not-from-concentrate; a different market from fresh fruit. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/orange-juice.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/orange-juice.md - [Salmon](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/salmon/): Farmed Atlantic salmon raised in sea pens and flown or shipped fresh; the highest-value farmed fish in world trade. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/salmon.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/salmon.md - [Plantains](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/plantains/): Starchy cooking bananas, boiled, fried or pounded as a staple across west and central Africa and the Caribbean. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/plantains.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/plantains.md - [Avocados](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/avocados/): A fatty tropical fruit picked hard and ripened after shipping, grown mostly in Mexico and the Andes. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/avocados.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/avocados.md - [Mangoes](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/mangoes/): A tropical stone fruit, mostly eaten where it grows; FAOSTAT counts mangoes with guavas and mangosteens. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/mangoes.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/mangoes.md - [Pineapples](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/pineapples/): A bromeliad fruit grown on an eighteen-month cycle and shipped fresh or canned. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/pineapples.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/pineapples.md - [Dates](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/dates/): The fruit of the date palm, dried on the tree in desert oases and eaten year-round. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/dates.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/dates.md - [Apples](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/apples/): A temperate pome fruit stored for months in controlled atmospheres so it can be sold all year. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/apples.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/apples.md - [Grapes](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/grapes/): Fruit of the vine, split between wine grapes, table grapes and raisins, each a different market. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/grapes.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/grapes.md - [Tomatoes](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/tomatoes/): The world’s largest vegetable crop by weight, split between fresh salad fruit and processing tomatoes for paste. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/tomatoes.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/tomatoes.md - [Potatoes](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/potatoes/): A tuber staple that stores well but travels badly, so most of it is eaten in the country that grew it. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/potatoes.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/potatoes.md - [Cassava](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/cassava/): A drought-tolerant root that feeds hundreds of millions and is dried into chips and starch for export. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/cassava.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/cassava.md - [Yams](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/yams/): A large tropical tuber, grown overwhelmingly in the west African yam belt and eaten pounded. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/yams.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/yams.md - [Chickpeas](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/chickpeas/): A pulse eaten whole or milled into flour, and the base of hummus and falafel. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/chickpeas.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/chickpeas.md - [Lentils](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/lentils/): A fast-cooking pulse grown in dry temperate zones and traded heavily into South Asia. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/lentils.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/lentils.md - [Quinoa](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/quinoa/): A high-altitude Andean seed eaten like a grain, which went from local staple to global export crop. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/quinoa.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/quinoa.md - [Almonds](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/almonds/): A drupe seed grown in Mediterranean climates and dependent on managed bee pollination. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/almonds.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/almonds.md - [Cashews](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/cashews/): A kidney-shaped nut whose caustic shell must be removed by hand or steam before the kernel can be eaten. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/cashews.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/cashews.md - [Pistachios](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/pistachios/): A desert nut that bears heavily only every other year, grown mostly in Iran, the United States and Turkey. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/pistachios.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/pistachios.md - [Hazelnuts](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/hazelnuts/): A temperate nut grown overwhelmingly on the Turkish Black Sea coast and bought largely by confectioners. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/hazelnuts.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/hazelnuts.md - [Olive oil](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/olive-oil/): Oil pressed from olives without solvents, graded by acidity and defect rather than by refining. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/olive-oil.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/olive-oil.md - [Pepper](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/pepper/): The dried berry of a tropical vine, the most traded spice by both weight and value. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/pepper.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/pepper.md - [Vanilla](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/vanilla/): The cured seed pod of a climbing orchid, hand-pollinated and cured over months; the second most expensive spice. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/vanilla.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/vanilla.md - [Cinnamon](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/cinnamon/): The dried inner bark of Cinnamomum trees, sold as true cinnamon from Sri Lanka or the cheaper cassia. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/cinnamon.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/cinnamon.md - [Cloves](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/cloves/): Dried flower buds of a tropical tree, most of the crop going into Indonesian kretek cigarettes rather than food. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/cloves.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/cloves.md - [Cardamom](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/cardamom/): An aromatic seed pod harvested green and dried; FAOSTAT counts it together with nutmeg and mace. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/cardamom.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/cardamom.md - [Ginger](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/ginger/): An underground rhizome sold fresh, dried or preserved, grown mostly in India, Nigeria and China. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/ginger.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/ginger.md - [Sesame seed](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/sesame/): A drought-tolerant oilseed pressed for oil and ground into tahini, grown across the Sahel and Asia. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/sesame.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/sesame.md - [Linseed](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/linseed/): The seed of the flax plant, crushed for a drying oil used in paint and linoleum and eaten whole as flaxseed. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/linseed.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/linseed.md - [Honey](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/honey/): Nectar concentrated by honeybees, sold by floral source and increasingly tested for adulteration. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/honey.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/honey.md - [Eggs](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/eggs/): Hen eggs in shell, produced close to where they are eaten because they are fragile and perishable. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/eggs.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/eggs.md - [Cheese](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/cheese/): Milk concentrated by coagulation and ageing, the form in which most traded dairy protein and fat moves. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/cheese.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/cheese.md - [Pork](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/pork/): Meat from pigs, the most eaten meat in China and the European Union and the most sensitive to disease outbreaks. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/pork.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/pork.md - [Silk](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/silk/): Filament reeled from the cocoon of the mulberry silkworm, the only natural continuous-filament fibre. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/silk.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/silk.md - [Jute](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/jute/): A bast fibre retted from stems in the Ganges delta and woven into sacking, twine and geotextiles. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/jute.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/jute.md - [Sisal](https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/sisal/): A hard leaf fibre cut from agave plants, used for agricultural twine, rope and polishing cloth. JSON: https://commodityorigins.com/data/commodities/sisal.json Markdown: https://commodityorigins.com/commodities/sisal.md ## Prices - [All benchmark prices](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/) - [Coffee price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/coffee/) - [Cocoa price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/cocoa/) - [Wheat price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/wheat/) - [Corn price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/corn/) - [Rice price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/rice/) - [Soybeans price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/soybeans/) - [Sugar price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/sugar/) - [Cotton price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/cotton/) - [Natural rubber price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/natural-rubber/) - [Palm oil price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/palm-oil/) - [Crude oil price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/crude-oil/) - [Natural gas price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/natural-gas/) - [Copper price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/copper/) - [Iron ore price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/iron-ore/) - [Aluminum price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/aluminum/) - [Gold price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/gold/) - [Coal price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/coal/) - [Tea price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/tea/) - [Coconut oil price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/coconut-oil/) - [Peanuts price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/peanuts/) - [Palm kernel oil price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/palm-kernel-oil/) - [Canola price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/canola/) - [Sunflower oil price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/sunflower-oil/) - [Barley price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/barley/) - [Sorghum price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/sorghum/) - [Bananas price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/bananas/) - [Oranges price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/oranges/) - [Beef price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/beef/) - [Chicken price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/chicken/) - [Lamb price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/lamb/) - [Shrimp price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/shrimp/) - [Fishmeal price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/fishmeal/) - [Tobacco price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/tobacco/) - [Logs price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/logs/) - [Sawnwood price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/sawnwood/) - [Plywood price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/plywood/) - [Phosphate rock price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/phosphate-rock/) - [Phosphate fertilizers price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/phosphate-fertilizers/) - [Urea price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/urea/) - [Potash price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/potash/) - [Nickel price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/nickel/) - [Zinc price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/zinc/) - [Lead price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/lead/) - [Tin price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/tin/) - [Silver price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/silver/) - [Platinum price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/platinum/) - [Lithium price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/lithium/) - [Cobalt price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/cobalt/) - [Manganese price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/manganese/) - [Uranium price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/uranium/) - [Palladium price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/palladium/) - [Oats price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/oats/) - [Milk price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/milk/) - [Wool price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/wool/) - [Orange juice price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/orange-juice/) - [Salmon price history](https://commodityorigins.com/prices/salmon/) ## Countries - [What does Afghanistan produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/AFG/) - [What does Albania produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/ALB/) - [What does Algeria produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/DZA/) - [What does Angola produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/AGO/) - [What does Argentina produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/ARG/) - [What does Armenia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/ARM/) - [What does Australia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/AUS/) - [What does Austria produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/AUT/) - [What does Azerbaijan produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/AZE/) - [What does Bahrain produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/BHR/) - [What does Bangladesh produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/BGD/) - [What does Belarus produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/BLR/) - [What does Belgium produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/BEL/) - [What does Benin produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/BEN/) - [What does Bhutan produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/BTN/) - [What does Bolivia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/BOL/) - [What does Brazil produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/BRA/) - [What does Bulgaria produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/BGR/) - [What does Burkina Faso produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/BFA/) - [What does Cambodia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/KHM/) - [What does Cameroon produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/CMR/) - [What does Canada produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/CAN/) - [What does Central African Republic produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/CAF/) - [What does Chad produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/TCD/) - [What does Chile produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/CHL/) - [What does China produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/CHN/) - [What does Colombia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/COL/) - [What does Comoros produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/COM/) - [What does Costa Rica produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/CRI/) - [What does Cuba produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/CUB/) - [What does Czechia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/CZE/) - [What does DR Congo produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/COD/) - [What does Denmark produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/DNK/) - [What does Dominica produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/DMA/) - [What does Dominican Republic produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/DOM/) - [What does Ecuador produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/ECU/) - [What does Egypt produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/EGY/) - [What does Eritrea produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/ERI/) - [What does Estonia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/EST/) - [What does Ethiopia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/ETH/) - [What does Finland produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/FIN/) - [What does France produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/FRA/) - [What does French Polynesia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/PYF/) - [What does Gabon produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/GAB/) - [What does Georgia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/GEO/) - [What does Germany produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/DEU/) - [What does Ghana produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/GHA/) - [What does Greece produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/GRC/) - [What does Grenada produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/GRD/) - [What does Guatemala produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/GTM/) - [What does Guinea produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/GIN/) - [What does Guinea-Bissau produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/GNB/) - [What does Guyana produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/GUY/) - [What does Haiti produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/HTI/) - [What does Honduras produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/HND/) - [What does Hong Kong produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/HKG/) - [What does Hungary produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/HUN/) - [What does Iceland produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/ISL/) - [What does India produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/IND/) - [What does Indonesia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/IDN/) - [What does Iran produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/IRN/) - [What does Iraq produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/IRQ/) - [What does Ireland produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/IRL/) - [What does Israel produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/ISR/) - [What does Italy produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/ITA/) - [What does Ivory Coast produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/CIV/) - [What does Jamaica produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/JAM/) - [What does Japan produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/JPN/) - [What does Jordan produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/JOR/) - [What does Kazakhstan produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/KAZ/) - [What does Kenya produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/KEN/) - [What does Kuwait produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/KWT/) - [What does Laos produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/LAO/) - [What does Latvia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/LVA/) - [What does Lebanon produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/LBN/) - [What does Lesotho produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/LSO/) - [What does Lithuania produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/LTU/) - [What does Madagascar produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/MDG/) - [What does Malawi produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/MWI/) - [What does Malaysia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/MYS/) - [What does Mali produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/MLI/) - [What does Mexico produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/MEX/) - [What does Mongolia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/MNG/) - [What does Morocco produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/MAR/) - [What does Mozambique produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/MOZ/) - [What does Myanmar produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/MMR/) - [What does Namibia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/NAM/) - [What does Nepal produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/NPL/) - [What does Netherlands produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/NLD/) - [What does New Caledonia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/NCL/) - [What does New Zealand produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/NZL/) - [What does Nicaragua produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/NIC/) - [What does Niger produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/NER/) - [What does Nigeria produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/NGA/) - [What does North Korea produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/PRK/) - [What does North Macedonia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/MKD/) - [What does Norway produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/NOR/) - [What does Oman produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/OMN/) - [What does Other Asia, nes produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/S19/) - [What does Pakistan produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/PAK/) - [What does Palestine produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/PSE/) - [What does Papua New Guinea produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/PNG/) - [What does Paraguay produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/PRY/) - [What does Peru produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/PER/) - [What does Philippines produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/PHL/) - [What does Poland produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/POL/) - [What does Portugal produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/PRT/) - [What does Qatar produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/QAT/) - [What does Romania produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/ROU/) - [What does Russia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/RUS/) - [What does Saudi Arabia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/SAU/) - [What does Senegal produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/SEN/) - [What does Serbia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/SRB/) - [What does Seychelles produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/SYC/) - [What does Sierra Leone produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/SLE/) - [What does Singapore produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/SGP/) - [What does Slovakia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/SVK/) - [What does Slovenia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/SVN/) - [What does South Africa produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/ZAF/) - [What does South Korea produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/KOR/) - [What does South Sudan produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/SSD/) - [What does Spain produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/ESP/) - [What does Sri Lanka produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/LKA/) - [What does Sudan produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/SDN/) - [What does Sweden produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/SWE/) - [What does Switzerland produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/CHE/) - [What does Syria produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/SYR/) - [What does São Tomé and Príncipe produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/STP/) - [What does Tajikistan produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/TJK/) - [What does Tanzania produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/TZA/) - [What does Thailand produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/THA/) - [What does Timor-Leste produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/TLS/) - [What does Togo produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/TGO/) - [What does Tonga produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/TON/) - [What does Tunisia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/TUN/) - [What does Turkey produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/TUR/) - [What does Turkmenistan produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/TKM/) - [What does Uganda produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/UGA/) - [What does Ukraine produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/UKR/) - [What does United Arab Emirates produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/ARE/) - [What does United Kingdom produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/GBR/) - [What does United States produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/USA/) - [What does Uruguay produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/URY/) - [What does Uzbekistan produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/UZB/) - [What does Venezuela produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/VEN/) - [What does Vietnam produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/VNM/) - [What does Zambia produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/ZMB/) - [What does Zimbabwe produce and export?](https://commodityorigins.com/countries/ZWE/) ## Explainers - [Commodity benchmarks explained: Brent, arabica, TSR20](https://commodityorigins.com/learn/benchmarks-explained/) - [Commodity supercycles: what they are and when](https://commodityorigins.com/learn/commodity-supercycles/) - [Contango and backwardation explained](https://commodityorigins.com/learn/contango-and-backwardation/) - [Critical minerals and the energy transition](https://commodityorigins.com/learn/critical-minerals-energy-transition/) - [El Nino and La Nina: which commodities they hit](https://commodityorigins.com/learn/el-nino-la-nina/) - [FOB, CIF and Incoterms in one page](https://commodityorigins.com/learn/fob-cif-incoterms/) - [How a futures contract settles](https://commodityorigins.com/learn/how-a-futures-contract-settles/) - [How to read the World Bank Pink Sheet](https://commodityorigins.com/learn/how-to-read-the-pink-sheet/) - [HS codes: how goods are classified for trade](https://commodityorigins.com/learn/hs-codes/) - [Nominal vs real prices: adjusting for inflation](https://commodityorigins.com/learn/nominal-vs-real-prices/) - [Producing vs exporting vs processing](https://commodityorigins.com/learn/producing-vs-exporting-vs-processing/) - [Sanctions and commodities: how embargoes reroute trade](https://commodityorigins.com/learn/sanctions-and-commodities/) - [Spot vs futures: what the price of copper means](https://commodityorigins.com/learn/spot-vs-futures/) - [Stocks-to-use: the ratio that predicts grain prices](https://commodityorigins.com/learn/stocks-to-use/) - [The 2022 energy shock: gas, oil and coal prices](https://commodityorigins.com/learn/the-2022-energy-shock/) - [The 2024 cocoa spike: why chocolate got expensive](https://commodityorigins.com/learn/the-2024-cocoa-spike/) - [What is a commodity? Fungibility, grades and price](https://commodityorigins.com/learn/what-is-a-commodity/) - [Who trades commodities: the ABCDs and the majors](https://commodityorigins.com/learn/who-trades-commodities/) - [Why commodity prices spike (and then crash)](https://commodityorigins.com/learn/why-commodity-prices-spike/)