Commodity Origins

Who supplies a country's imports, and how much rests on one supplier?

Choose an importing country to see, for every commodity it imported at least $250 million of in 2024, the largest and second-largest supplier and their shares, whether the largest supplier's government has an export control on that commodity in the register, and how large other exporters' sales to other buyers are next to the purchase. Enter what you spend on each commodity to see how much of your own mix rests on one supplier. It runs in your browser; nothing you enter is sent or saved.

Optional: enter your own spend on each commodity

Tick a commodity and enter what you spend on it, in any one unit. The result then weights the supplier shares by your mix. Leave this closed to see only the country table.

Example: Japan

Customs data for 2024: the 43 commodity lines for which Japan imported $250 million or more.

Largest suppliers of Japan by commodity
CommodityImportsLargest supplierSecond supplierSupplier controls in forceOthers' sales to third countries, as a multiple of the purchase
Crude oil$73 billionUnited Arab Emirates 43%Saudi Arabia 39%——
Natural gas$47 billionAustralia 35%United States 17%——
Coal$27 billionAustralia 65%Indonesia 16%—6.20×
Copper$13 billionChile 40%Indonesia 16%——
Iron ore$8.5 billionAustralia 63%Brazil 13%—13×
Aluminum$5.0 billionUnited Arab Emirates 19%Australia 16%——
Pork$4.2 billionUnited States 25%Canada 23%——
Corn$3.6 billionUnited States 83%Brazil 15%—11×
Shrimp$1.8 billionRussia 20%India 15%——
Soybeans$1.8 billionUnited States 65%Brazil 18%—47×
Coffee$1.6 billionBrazil 35%Vietnam 22%——
Wheat$1.6 billionUnited States 40%Canada 38%——
Sawnwood$1.5 billionCanada 20%Sweden 15%——
Platinum$1.5 billionSouth Africa 79%United Kingdom 5.7%—7.13×
Beef$1.5 billionAustralia 41%United States 35%——
Silver$1.4 billionSouth Korea 65%Mexico 24%—32×
Chicken$1.4 billionBrazil 62%Thailand 36%—31×
Palladium$1.4 billionSouth Africa 40%Russia 28%——
Steel$1.4 billionSouth Korea 64%Other Asia, nes 24%—61×
Cheese$1.3 billionAustralia 23%New Zealand 20%——
Natural rubber$1.2 billionIndonesia 53%Thailand 42%—21×
Plywood$1.1 billionIndonesia 38%Malaysia 28%——
Canola$1.1 billionAustralia 53%Canada 46%—17×
Rhodium$983 millionSouth Africa 68%United States 12%—6.53×
Bananas$930 millionPhilippines 80%Ecuador 6.7%—19×
Nickel$906 millionAustralia 54%Madagascar 16%—25×
Molybdenum$760 millionChile 65%United States 18%—12×
Iridium$751 millionSouth Africa 67%Germany 13%—1.82×
Sugar$739 millionAustralia 87%Thailand 10%—64×
Palm oil$634 millionMalaysia 85%Indonesia 14%—53×
Rice$606 millionUnited States 54%Thailand 34%—113×
Tin$593 millionMalaysia 20%Peru 19%——
Gold$534 millionOther Asia, nes 31%Malaysia 25%——
Logs$436 millionUnited States 68%Canada 22%—36×
Sesame seed$419 millionNigeria 34%Burkina Faso 9.4%——
Olive oil$413 millionSpain 52%Italy 38%—43×
Silicon$380 millionChina 67%Australia 7.2%—8.82×
Phosphate fertilizers$353 millionChina 67%Morocco 15%——
Barley$328 millionAustralia 62%Canada 37%—36×
Titanium$326 millionCanada 46%South Africa 22%——
Rare earths$280 millionVietnam 58%China 28%1 measure: Vietnam bans exports of raw rare earth minerals through am…4.87×
Fishmeal$277 millionPeru 23%Oman 12%——
Orange juice$261 millionBrazil 48%Israel 20%——

How to read it

Sources: CEPII BACI (bilateral trade by customs line, primary line per commodity, latest year); this site's export-controls register. The data file behind the tool is exposure-tool.json.