Commodity Origins

Where does the world's energy come from?

Energy covers coal, crude oil, natural gas, uranium. What moves them together: OPEC+ quotas, geopolitics and sanctions, refinery and LNG capacity, weather-driven heating and cooling demand, the shift to renewables.

Commodities in this category

Energy commodities with top producers and latest prices
CommodityTop producersLatest price12 months
Coal
Fossilized carbon rock burned for power and heat, and baked into coke for steelmaking.
Coal: world production by countryShare of world coal production: China 52%, India 12%, Indonesia 8.7%, Rest of world 28%.China: 52%India: 12%Indonesia: 8.7%Rest of world: 28%Share of world coal production: China 52%, India 12%, Indonesia 8.7%, Rest of world 28%.
China 52%, India 12%, Indonesia 9% (2025)
$135.2/t
Australian thermal, Newcastle
+20%
Crude oil
Unrefined petroleum pumped from underground reservoirs and refined into fuels and petrochemical feedstocks.
Crude oil: world production by countryShare of world crude oil production: United States 21%, Saudi Arabia 11%, Russia 11%, Rest of world 57%.United States: 21%Saudi Arabia: 11%Russia: 11%Rest of world: 57%Share of world crude oil production: United States 21%, Saudi Arabia 11%, Russia 11%, Rest of world 57%.
United States 21%, Saudi Arabia 11%, Russia 11% (2025)
$90.9/bbl
Brent (dated, 38° API)
+33%
Natural gas
Mostly methane, produced from gas and oil fields and moved by pipeline or as liquefied natural gas (LNG); priced regionally, not globally.
Natural gas: world production by countryShare of world natural gas production: United States 26%, Russia 15%, Iran 6.3%, Rest of world 54%.United States: 26%Russia: 15%Iran: 6.3%Rest of world: 54%Share of world natural gas production: United States 26%, Russia 15%, Iran 6.3%, Rest of world 54%.
United States 26%, Russia 15%, Iran 6% (2025)
$2.77/MMBtu
US Henry Hub
-5%
Uranium
A heavy metal mined as ore, concentrated into yellowcake, then converted and enriched into fuel for nuclear reactors.
Uranium: world production by countryShare of world uranium production: United States 29%, China 17%, France 14%, Rest of world 40%.United States: 29%China: 17%France: 14%Rest of world: 40%Share of world uranium production: United States 29%, China 17%, France 14%, Rest of world 40%.
United States 29%, China 17%, France 14% (2025)
$69.23/lb
Uranium, U3O8, NUEXCO restricted spot
+17%

Price index since 1960

Energy monthly prices, index 2010=100, Jan 1960 to Aug 2026Line chart of energy monthly prices in index 2010=100 from Jan 1960 to Aug 2026: Energy index from 2.1 to 118.4, peaking at 173.5.05010015020019601965197019751980198519901995200020052010201520202025index 2010=100
Energy index

Source: World Bank Commodity Price Data (The Pink Sheet), monthly indices, 2010 = 100, published 2026-09-02. CC BY 4.0.

Indices are monthly averages and lag the market; informational only, not investment advice.

Data updated 6 September 2026.