Which countries lead across the most commodities?

China is the largest producer of 39 of the 110 commodities with production data here, and is among the ten largest producers of 88. The United States is second with 12 first places. The lists below count places across all the commodities on the site, so they favour large countries and those with wide-ranging agriculture or mining.

Largest producer of the most commodities
Country	Commodities	Of
China	39	110
United States	12	110
India	10	110
Brazil	6	110
Canada	4	110
Indonesia	4	110
Russia	4	110
Australia	3	110
Peru	3	110
South Africa	3	110
Chile	2	110
Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire)	2	110

In the top three producers of the most commodities
Country	Commodities	Of
China	62	110
India	35	110
United States	22	110
Russia	21	110
Brazil	19	110
Indonesia	16	110
Australia	14	110
Turkey (Türkiye)	9	110
Peru	8	110
Canada	6	110
DR Congo (Democratic Republic of the Congo)	6	110
Nigeria	6	110

In the top ten producers of the most commodities
Country	Commodities	Of
China	88	110
India	57	110
Russia	57	110
Brazil	54	110
United States	52	110
Australia	36	110
Indonesia	34	110
Canada	32	110
Turkey (Türkiye)	30	110
Mexico	26	110
Iran	20	110
Vietnam	19	110

Largest exporter of the most commodities
Country	Commodities	Of
China	11	112
Brazil	9	112
South Africa	7	112
Australia	6	112
Canada	6	112
India	6	112
United States	6	112
Indonesia	4	112
Russia	4	112
Chile	3	112
Ecuador	3	112
Spain	3	112

Largest importer of the most commodities
Country	Commodities	Of
China	38	112
United States	31	112
India	10	112
Germany	7	112
Netherlands	4	112
Brazil	3	112
Japan	3	112
Belgium	2	112

Production: FAOSTAT, USGS, Energy Institute and FAO FishStat, latest years. Trade: CEPII BACI, value in US dollars, primary HS line for each commodity, latest year. Uranium, orange juice and cardamom are excluded from production counts (their production series is a proxy). Countries are ranked as the sources report them; China means mainland China.

More patterns

Concentration: How much of each commodity comes from one country?
Producer or exporter?: Is the biggest producer also the biggest seller abroad?
Prices in real terms: Which prices are records once inflation is removed?
Growth and decline: Whose output is rising or falling fastest?
Linked prices and seasons: Which prices move together, and which have a season?
A century of real prices: Are minerals getting scarcer, judging by their real prices since 1900?
Supplier exposure: Which big buyers lean on one supplier for critical minerals?
Trade after export controls: What happened to a country's exports after it controlled them?
Export share history: Who has gained and lost share of world exports since 2000?
Prices around export controls: What happened to mineral prices after export controls?
Export basket prices: What would a country's commodity exports have fetched at each month's prices?
Substitution coverage: How large are other exporters' sales to other buyers next to an importer's biggest supplier?
Critical risk matrix: Which critical minerals combine concentrated mining, export controls and import reliance?
Country reserve life: Which producing countries have the least of what they mine?
Prices and cumulative output: Do prices fall as the world digs up more of a mineral?
US import reliance and recycling: How much of each mineral does the United States import, and how much comes from scrap?
Data confidence: How firm are each commodity's production numbers?
Export controls and bans: Which governments restrict exports of minerals, and what is still in force?
Chokepoints: Which narrow passages do the world's commodities depend on?
By-product minerals: Which minerals are by-products of other metals?
Peak production: Which minerals and fuels are still setting records, and which peaked years ago?
Reserves and mining: Where are the deposits, and who digs them up?
Supply concentration: Which commodities depend on the fewest suppliers?
Land or yield?: Did output grow because farmers planted more or farmed better?
Supply shocks and prices: When world output falls, do prices rise?
Category price indices: How have energy, metals and food prices moved since 1960?
Drawdowns and volatility: How far do prices fall, and do they recover?
Stocks and prices: Are prices lower when the world holds more stock?
Which prices follow oil?: How closely does each commodity track crude oil?
How reliable is the data?: How much of world output rests on estimates?
Net exporters and importers: Who is a net seller and who a net buyer?
Export dependency: Which countries rely on one commodity?
Concentration over time: Has production spread out or narrowed?
Import dependency: Which countries buy most of a commodity from one supplier?
Supplier shifts: Who gained and lost importers' business?
Trade price against benchmark: Does traded product sell above or below the benchmark price?
Prices in other currencies: How much of a price move is the dollar?
Do prices lead each other?: Does one commodity price move before another?
Volatility over time: Are prices more volatile than they used to be?
Seasonality: Which prices have a calendar-month pattern?
Price ratios: What does one commodity buy of another, and is that high or low?
El Niño and prices: Do El Niño and La Niña years move commodity prices?
Who consumes it: Which countries consume each commodity, and how much per person?
Self-sufficiency: Which large markets depend on imports, and which produce far more than they use?
Trade flows: Who sells each commodity to whom?

Every figure is computed from the same tables as the commodity pages. The full set is in patterns.json, and single facts from it appear each day on the facts page.