Home / Patterns / Export dependency Which countries' tracked exports rest on a single commodity? Kyrgyzstan gets 98% of the $7.3 billion of tracked-commodity exports this site can see for it from a single commodity, gold, the highest share of any of the 119 countries here. 48 countries get half or more of their tracked exports from one commodity.
This counts only the 112 commodities this site tracks, using each one's primary HS trade line in its latest year (CEPII BACI), for a country only once it has at least 5 of them and at least $100 million of tracked export value combined. A high share here means this site's basket is narrow for that country, not that its whole economy depends on one good: a country's true total exports include manufactured goods, services and other products this site does not track at all, and a trading or refining hub can show up as "dependent" on a commodity it mostly re-exports rather than produces (see producing, exporting and processing ). Click a heading to sort.
Which category dominates each country's tracked exports World map with each country coloured by category: Kyrgyzstan: Gold (98% of tracked exports); Switzerland: Gold (97% of tracked exports); Saudi Arabia: Crude oil (95% of tracked exports); Hong Kong: Gold (93% of tracked exports); Venezuela: Crude oil (92% of tracked exports); Burkina Faso: Gold (92% of tracked exports); Mali: Cotton (90% of tracked exports); Uzbekistan: Gold (88% of tracked exports); Singapore: Gold (87% of tracked exports); Zambia: Tobacco (87% of tracked exports); Zimbabwe: Tobacco (85% of tracked exports); Niger: Sesame seed (81% of tracked exports); Ethiopia: Coffee (80% of tracked exports); Gabon: Manganese (77% of tracked exports); Armenia: Gold (76% of tracked exports); Tunisia: Olive oil (73% of tracked exports); Nigeria: Crude oil (73% of tracked exports); Uganda: Coffee (71% of tracked exports); Pakistan: Rice (70% of tracked exports); Chile: Copper (69% of tracked exports); Sierra Leone: Iron ore (68% of tracked exports); Luxembourg: Cheese (67% of tracked exports); Mongolia: Coal (67% of tracked exports); Ghana: Gold (67% of tracked exports); Oman: Crude oil (66% of tracked exports); Sri Lanka: Tea (66% of tracked exports); Cameroon: Cocoa (66% of tracked exports); Syria: Olive oil (65% of tracked exports); Qatar: Natural gas (64% of tracked exports); Kazakhstan: Crude oil (64% of tracked exports); Papua New Guinea: Natural gas (62% of tracked exports); Azerbaijan: Crude oil (60% of tracked exports); Paraguay: Soybeans (60% of tracked exports); Algeria: Natural gas (60% of tracked exports); Tanzania: Gold (59% of tracked exports); Bahrain: Aluminum (59% of tracked exports); Japan: Gold (58% of tracked exports); United Arab Emirates: Crude oil (57% of tracked exports); Portugal: Olive oil (57% of tracked exports); Kenya: Tea (56% of tracked exports); Sudan: Sesame seed (55% of tracked exports); Benin: Cotton (54% of tracked exports); Croatia: Sawnwood (54% of tracked exports); Honduras: Coffee (53% of tracked exports); Belarus: Potash (52% of tracked exports); Jordan: Phosphate rock (52% of tracked exports); Other Asia, nes: Steel (51% of tracked exports); Malaysia: Crude oil (51% of tracked exports); Russia: Crude oil (50% of tracked exports); Ecuador: Crude oil (50% of tracked exports); South Korea: Steel (49% of tracked exports); Bangladesh: Shrimp (48% of tracked exports); Serbia: Copper (48% of tracked exports); Mexico: Crude oil (48% of tracked exports); DR Congo: Cobalt (47% of tracked exports); Myanmar: Natural gas (47% of tracked exports); Colombia: Crude oil (47% of tracked exports); Lithuania: Wheat (45% of tracked exports); Iran: Iron ore (45% of tracked exports); Norway: Natural gas (45% of tracked exports); Slovakia: Steel (45% of tracked exports); Canada: Crude oil (44% of tracked exports); Cambodia: Rice (44% of tracked exports); Finland: Sawnwood (43% of tracked exports); Bolivia: Tin (42% of tracked exports); Peru: Copper (42% of tracked exports); Romania: Wheat (41% of tracked exports); Israel: Potash (41% of tracked exports); Dominican Republic: Cocoa (40% of tracked exports); Ireland: Cheese (40% of tracked exports); Costa Rica: Pineapples (39% of tracked exports); South Africa: Gold (39% of tracked exports); Nepal: Cardamom (39% of tracked exports); Indonesia: Coal (38% of tracked exports); Uruguay: Beef (38% of tracked exports); Netherlands: Crude oil (38% of tracked exports); Ivory Coast: Gold (37% of tracked exports); Liberia: Iron ore (37% of tracked exports); Afghanistan: Cotton (37% of tracked exports); Moldova: Wheat (36% of tracked exports); Belgium: Natural gas (36% of tracked exports); Nicaragua: Coffee (35% of tracked exports); Mozambique: Natural gas (35% of tracked exports); New Zealand: Milk (35% of tracked exports); Sweden: Sawnwood (34% of tracked exports); Bulgaria: Wheat (34% of tracked exports); United States: Crude oil (34% of tracked exports); Denmark: Pork (34% of tracked exports); United Kingdom: Crude oil (33% of tracked exports); Philippines: Gold (32% of tracked exports); Madagascar: Nickel (32% of tracked exports); Australia: Iron ore (32% of tracked exports); Latvia: Sawnwood (31% of tracked exports); Guatemala: Bananas (31% of tracked exports); Lebanon: Phosphate rock (30% of tracked exports); Slovenia: Corn (30% of tracked exports); Togo: Phosphate rock (30% of tracked exports); Argentina: Corn (29% of tracked exports); Germany: Gold (29% of tracked exports); China: Steel (28% of tracked exports); Greece: Cheese (28% of tracked exports); Austria: Sawnwood (28% of tracked exports); Laos: Potash (27% of tracked exports); Thailand: Gold (27% of tracked exports); India: Rice (26% of tracked exports); Senegal: Peanuts (25% of tracked exports); Morocco: Tomatoes (25% of tracked exports); Poland: Chicken (25% of tracked exports); Spain: Olive oil (23% of tracked exports); Vietnam: Rice (23% of tracked exports); France: Natural gas (23% of tracked exports); Ukraine: Corn (22% of tracked exports); Brazil: Crude oil (22% of tracked exports); Czechia: Wheat (22% of tracked exports); Egypt: Urea (22% of tracked exports); Italy: Cheese (21% of tracked exports); Estonia: Sawnwood (21% of tracked exports); Hungary: Wheat (17% of tracked exports); Turkey: Steel (13% of tracked exports). Fiji: not enough tracked exports Tanzania: Gold (59% of tracked exports) Western Sahara: not enough tracked exports Canada: Crude oil (44% of tracked exports) United States: Crude oil (34% of tracked exports) Kazakhstan: Crude oil (64% of tracked exports) Uzbekistan: Gold (88% of tracked exports) Papua New Guinea: Natural gas (62% of tracked exports) Indonesia: Coal (38% of tracked exports) Argentina: Corn (29% of tracked exports) Chile: Copper (69% of tracked exports) DR Congo: Cobalt (47% of tracked exports) Somalia: not enough tracked exports Kenya: Tea (56% of tracked exports) Sudan: Sesame seed (55% of tracked exports) Chad: not enough tracked exports Haiti: not enough tracked exports Dominican Republic: Cocoa (40% of tracked exports) Russia: Crude oil (50% of tracked exports) Bahamas: not enough tracked exports Falkland Isds (Malvinas): not enough tracked exports Norway: Natural gas (45% of tracked exports) Greenland: not enough tracked exports Fr. South Antarctic Terr.: not enough tracked exports Timor-Leste: not enough tracked exports South Africa: Gold (39% of tracked exports) Lesotho: not enough tracked exports Mexico: Crude oil (48% of tracked exports) Uruguay: Beef (38% of tracked exports) Brazil: Crude oil (22% of tracked exports) Bolivia: Tin (42% of tracked exports) Peru: Copper (42% of tracked exports) Colombia: Crude oil (47% of tracked exports) Panama: not enough tracked exports Costa Rica: Pineapples (39% of tracked exports) Nicaragua: Coffee (35% of tracked exports) Honduras: Coffee (53% of tracked exports) El Salvador: not enough tracked exports Guatemala: Bananas (31% of tracked exports) Belize: not enough tracked exports Venezuela: Crude oil (92% of tracked exports) Guyana: not enough tracked exports Suriname: not enough tracked exports France: Natural gas (23% of tracked exports) Ecuador: Crude oil (50% of tracked exports) Puerto Rico: not enough tracked exports Jamaica: not enough tracked exports Cuba: not enough tracked exports Zimbabwe: Tobacco (85% of tracked exports) Botswana: not enough tracked exports Namibia: not enough tracked exports Senegal: Peanuts (25% of tracked exports) Mali: Cotton (90% of tracked exports) Mauritania: not enough tracked exports Benin: Cotton (54% of tracked exports) Niger: Sesame seed (81% of tracked exports) Nigeria: Crude oil (73% of tracked exports) Cameroon: Cocoa (66% of tracked exports) Togo: Phosphate rock (30% of tracked exports) Ghana: Gold (67% of tracked exports) Ivory Coast: Gold (37% of tracked exports) Guinea: not enough tracked exports Guinea-Bissau: not enough tracked exports Liberia: Iron ore (37% of tracked exports) Sierra Leone: Iron ore (68% of tracked exports) Burkina Faso: Gold (92% of tracked exports) Central African Republic: not enough tracked exports Republic of the Congo: not enough tracked exports Gabon: Manganese (77% of tracked exports) Equatorial Guinea: not enough tracked exports Zambia: Tobacco (87% of tracked exports) Malawi: not enough tracked exports Mozambique: Natural gas (35% of tracked exports) Eswatini: not enough tracked exports Angola: not enough tracked exports Burundi: not enough tracked exports Israel: Potash (41% of tracked exports) Lebanon: Phosphate rock (30% of tracked exports) Madagascar: Nickel (32% of tracked exports) Palestine: not enough tracked exports Gambia: not enough tracked exports Tunisia: Olive oil (73% of tracked exports) Algeria: Natural gas (60% of tracked exports) Jordan: Phosphate rock (52% of tracked exports) United Arab Emirates: Crude oil (57% of tracked exports) Qatar: Natural gas (64% of tracked exports) Kuwait: not enough tracked exports Iraq: not enough tracked exports Oman: Crude oil (66% of tracked exports) Vanuatu: not enough tracked exports Cambodia: Rice (44% of tracked exports) Thailand: Gold (27% of tracked exports) Laos: Potash (27% of tracked exports) Myanmar: Natural gas (47% of tracked exports) Vietnam: Rice (23% of tracked exports) North Korea: not enough tracked exports South Korea: Steel (49% of tracked exports) Mongolia: Coal (67% of tracked exports) India: Rice (26% of tracked exports) Bangladesh: Shrimp (48% of tracked exports) Bhutan: not enough tracked exports Nepal: Cardamom (39% of tracked exports) Pakistan: Rice (70% of tracked exports) Afghanistan: Cotton (37% of tracked exports) Tajikistan: not enough tracked exports Kyrgyzstan: Gold (98% of tracked exports) Turkmenistan: not enough tracked exports Iran: Iron ore (45% of tracked exports) Syria: Olive oil (65% of tracked exports) Armenia: Gold (76% of tracked exports) Sweden: Sawnwood (34% of tracked exports) Belarus: Potash (52% of tracked exports) Ukraine: Corn (22% of tracked exports) Poland: Chicken (25% of tracked exports) Austria: Sawnwood (28% of tracked exports) Hungary: Wheat (17% of tracked exports) Moldova: Wheat (36% of tracked exports) Romania: Wheat (41% of tracked exports) Lithuania: Wheat (45% of tracked exports) Latvia: Sawnwood (31% of tracked exports) Estonia: Sawnwood (21% of tracked exports) Germany: Gold (29% of tracked exports) Bulgaria: Wheat (34% of tracked exports) Greece: Cheese (28% of tracked exports) Turkey: Steel (13% of tracked exports) Albania: not enough tracked exports Croatia: Sawnwood (54% of tracked exports) Switzerland: Gold (97% of tracked exports) Luxembourg: Cheese (67% of tracked exports) Belgium: Natural gas (36% of tracked exports) Netherlands: Crude oil (38% of tracked exports) Portugal: Olive oil (57% of tracked exports) Spain: Olive oil (23% of tracked exports) Ireland: Cheese (40% of tracked exports) New Caledonia: not enough tracked exports Solomon Islands: not enough tracked exports New Zealand: Milk (35% of tracked exports) Australia: Iron ore (32% of tracked exports) Sri Lanka: Tea (66% of tracked exports) China: Steel (28% of tracked exports) Taiwan: not enough tracked exports Italy: Cheese (21% of tracked exports) Denmark: Pork (34% of tracked exports) United Kingdom: Crude oil (33% of tracked exports) Iceland: not enough tracked exports Azerbaijan: Crude oil (60% of tracked exports) Georgia: not enough tracked exports Philippines: Gold (32% of tracked exports) Malaysia: Crude oil (51% of tracked exports) Brunei: not enough tracked exports Slovenia: Corn (30% of tracked exports) Finland: Sawnwood (43% of tracked exports) Slovakia: Steel (45% of tracked exports) Czechia: Wheat (22% of tracked exports) Eritrea: not enough tracked exports Japan: Gold (58% of tracked exports) Paraguay: Soybeans (60% of tracked exports) Yemen: not enough tracked exports Saudi Arabia: Crude oil (95% of tracked exports) Antarctica N. Cyprus Cyprus: not enough tracked exports Morocco: Tomatoes (25% of tracked exports) Egypt: Urea (22% of tracked exports) Libya: not enough tracked exports Ethiopia: Coffee (80% of tracked exports) Djibouti: not enough tracked exports Somaliland Uganda: Coffee (71% of tracked exports) Rwanda: not enough tracked exports Bosnia and Herzegovina: not enough tracked exports North Macedonia: not enough tracked exports Serbia: Copper (48% of tracked exports) Montenegro: not enough tracked exports Kosovo Trinidad and Tobago: not enough tracked exports South Sudan: not enough tracked exports Energy Fertilizers Fibres & other raw materials Fruit & vegetables Grains & cereals Livestock, meat & dairy Metals Oilseeds & vegetable oils Seafood Softs Timber & forest productsA trading hub is not a producer Some of the highest shares belong to places that refine or trade a commodity rather than mine or grow it. Switzerland's tracked exports are 97% gold by this measure, which mostly reflects its bullion refining and trading industry, not a Swiss gold mine (see gold and the Switzerland page ). Reading a row here alongside the producer-versus-exporter report and the country's own page is the way to tell a producer from a hub.
The least concentrated tracked-export mixes At the other end, these countries' tracked exports are the most spread across commodities, so no single one dominates the basket this site can see.
CEPII BACI trade values, each commodity's primary HS line, latest year (mostly 2024). Only countries with at least 5 tracked commodities and $100 million of combined tracked export value are shown.
More patterns Concentration : How much of each commodity comes from one country? Producer or exporter? : Is the biggest producer also the biggest seller abroad? Prices in real terms : Which prices are records once inflation is removed? Growth and decline : Whose output is rising or falling fastest? Linked prices and seasons : Which prices move together, and which have a season? A century of real prices : Are minerals getting scarcer, judging by their real prices since 1900? Supplier exposure : Which big buyers lean on one supplier for critical minerals? Trade after export controls : What happened to a country's exports after it controlled them? Export share history : Who has gained and lost share of world exports since 2000? Prices around export controls : What happened to mineral prices after export controls? Export basket prices : What would a country's commodity exports have fetched at each month's prices? Substitution coverage : How large are other exporters' sales to other buyers next to an importer's biggest supplier? Critical risk matrix : Which critical minerals combine concentrated mining, export controls and import reliance? Country reserve life : Which producing countries have the least of what they mine? Prices and cumulative output : Do prices fall as the world digs up more of a mineral? US import reliance and recycling : How much of each mineral does the United States import, and how much comes from scrap? Data confidence : How firm are each commodity's production numbers? Export controls and bans : Which governments restrict exports of minerals, and what is still in force? Chokepoints : Which narrow passages do the world's commodities depend on? By-product minerals : Which minerals are by-products of other metals? Peak production : Which minerals and fuels are still setting records, and which peaked years ago? Reserves and mining : Where are the deposits, and who digs them up? Supply concentration : Which commodities depend on the fewest suppliers? Land or yield? : Did output grow because farmers planted more or farmed better? Supply shocks and prices : When world output falls, do prices rise? Category price indices : How have energy, metals and food prices moved since 1960? Drawdowns and volatility : How far do prices fall, and do they recover? Stocks and prices : Are prices lower when the world holds more stock? Which prices follow oil? : How closely does each commodity track crude oil? How reliable is the data? : How much of world output rests on estimates? Net exporters and importers : Who is a net seller and who a net buyer? Country leaders : Which countries lead across the most commodities? Concentration over time : Has production spread out or narrowed? Import dependency : Which countries buy most of a commodity from one supplier? Supplier shifts : Who gained and lost importers' business? Trade price against benchmark : Does traded product sell above or below the benchmark price? Prices in other currencies : How much of a price move is the dollar? Do prices lead each other? : Does one commodity price move before another? Volatility over time : Are prices more volatile than they used to be? Seasonality : Which prices have a calendar-month pattern? Price ratios : What does one commodity buy of another, and is that high or low? El Niño and prices : Do El Niño and La Niña years move commodity prices? Who consumes it : Which countries consume each commodity, and how much per person? Self-sufficiency : Which large markets depend on imports, and which produce far more than they use? Trade flows : Who sells each commodity to whom? Every figure is computed from the same tables as the commodity pages. The full set is in patterns.json , and single facts from it appear each day on the facts page .